MEDIA LITERACY IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: CHALLENGES OF PROTECTING STUDENTS FROM DEEPFAKES AND MANIPULATION
Keywords:
artificial intelligence, deepfake, media literacy, manipulation, critical thinking, digital education.Abstract
This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence technologies, particularly
deepfakes, on education and youth perception. Students encounter large volumes of visual
and audio content daily, yet many lack the skills to critically assess its authenticity. The
purpose is to explore the theoretical foundations of media literacy and develop
recommendations for detecting deepfakes, using content analysis, comparative analysis,
and survey methods. Findings show that systematic integration of media literacy into
curricula significantly increases students' resilience to manipulation.
References
1. Grizzle A. et al. Think Critically, Click Wisely! Media and Information Literate Citizens: UNESCO Media and
Information Literacy Curriculum for Educators and Learners. 2nd ed. – Paris: UNESCO Publishing, 2021. – ISBN 978-92-3-
100448-3.
2. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2020-yil 5-oktabrdagi PF-6079-son “Raqamli O‘zbekiston – 2030”
strategiyasini tasdiqlash va uni samarali amalga oshirish chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risidagi Farmoni.
3. Chesney R., Citron D. Deep Fakes: A Looming Challenge for Privacy, Democracy, and National Security //
California Law Review. – 2019. – Vol. 107. – No. 6. – P. 1753–1820.
4. Newman N., Fletcher R., Robertson C. T., Ross Arguedas A., Nielsen R. K. Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2024. – Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford, 2024.
5. European Commission. Tackling Online Disinformation: A European Approach. COM(2018) 236 final. –
Brussels, 26 April 2018.
6. Potter W. J. Media Literacy. 9th ed. – Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2019.
7. Hwang Y., Ryu J. Y., Jeong S.-H. Effects of Disinformation Using Deepfake: The Protective Effect of Media
Literacy Education // Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. – 2021. – Vol. 24. – No. 3. – P. 188–193. – DOI:
10.1089/cyber.2020.0174.
8. Turos M., Kenyeres A. Z., Szuts Z. Fake Video Detection among Secondary School Students: The Impact of
Sociocultural, Media Literacy and Media Use Factors // Telematics and Informatics Reports. – 2024. – Vol. 15. – Art.
100160.
9. Huang G., Hu B. “A Warning Is Not Enough. Teach Me How to Spot Deepfakes”: Testing Media Literacy
Interventions for Combating Deepfakes // Science Communication. – 2025. – DOI: 10.1177/10755470251382889.
10. Orhan A. Fake News Detection on Social Media: The Predictive Role of University Students’ Critical Thinking
Dispositions and New Media Literacy // Smart Learning Environments. – 2023. – Vol. 10. – No. 1. – P. 1–14. – DOI:
10.1186/s40561-023-00248-8.